The role of inhibitory circuits in hippocampal memory processing

摘要

GABAergic inhibitory circuits play an essential role in coordinating various hippocampal functions. Several decades of work dedicated to a thorough characterization of hippocampal inhibitory populations have highlighted how specific types of interneuron can contribute to network activity. Recent studies have used genetically targeted recordings and peturbations of activity during memory-related behaviours to determine how interneurons that inhibit distinct subcellular domains of principal cells or specialize in principal cell disinhibition may sculpt hippocampal memory. These studies highlight unique contributions of distinct interneuron types to the temporal binding of hippocampal ensembles, synaptic plasticity and the acquisition of spatial and contextual information. Here, we review the current state of knowledge around hippocampal inhibition and memory by discussing the multifaceted roles of populations of inhibitory cells at different stages of hippocampal mnemonic processing. Hippocampal inhibitory interneurons shape memory formation and storage through cell type-specific mechanisms. In this review, Topolnik and Tamboli discuss how soma-targeting, dendrite-targeting and interneuron-targeting interneurons may specialize in supporting hippocampal oscillations, synaptic plasticity and memory processes.