This review is devoted to the principles, state of the art, and problems of grazing-incidence optics for focusing soft X-ray radiation, which is used in telescopes at orbital stations. The possibilities of constructing light X-ray telescopes with a large effective data-collection area and good angular resolution, which are based on Kirkpatrick-Baez, Wolter, and "lobster eye" optics, are considered. Special attention is paid to the description of methods for optimizing the parameters for the production of X-ray optics and X-ray mirrors.
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