Abstract Photocatalytic fixation of nitrogen is the most attractive method for the sustainable production of ammonia (NH3), which has attracted increasing attention, but the development of a highly active, stable and low-cost photocatalyst remains a great challenge. Herein, O, S co-doped carbon nitride (HGCNOS) based on carbon nitride (GCN) material was fabricated by a one-pot hydrothermal method at 180 °C. Our results revealed that O, S atoms were successfully doped into GCN and HGCNOS showed better crystallinity and periodicity, shorter interlayer distances and great resistance to electron–hole recombination. The results of nitrogen fixation experiments showed that the ammonium ion yield of HGCNOS photocatalyst was as high as 0.23 mg/L/mg-cat after 2 h. And the minuscule changes in photocatalytic performance after 3 consecutive cycles (4 h for each cycle), demonstrated excellent cycling stability. DFT calculations show that the introduction of O, S atoms promotes photo-excited charge separation, facilitates electrons’ leap and is more conducive to N2 adsorption, and consequently, an excellent photo-reactivity of HGCNOS. The results acquired may shed light on general doping strategies for designing potentially efficient photocatalysts.
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