The determination of surrounding rock or soil pressure is a prerequisite for tunnel excavation and lining. In this study, theoretical calculations are combined with on-site monitoring of the soil pressure of the Jinci tunnel as a case study. The soil pressure results obtained by both methods are compared and analyzed. Depth is found to significantly influence both the failure mode and soil pressure. The Jinci tunnel has grade-V surrounding soil. The vertical soil pressure obtained by the theoretical calculations is 11.3 greater than the measured value. The calculated value is highly reliable and can be used for the design load of tunnel-lining structures. The calculated horizontal soil pressure is 23.3 lower than the measured value owing to the effects of horizontal tectonic stress and soil anisotropy. The findings provide a method to determine the soil pressure of tunnels and serve as a useful reference for similar projects.
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