Evaluation of low-cost aerosol and gas sensors for real-time measurements of electronic cigarette exposure

摘要

Indoor electronic cigarette(e-cigarette)use exposes bystanders to airborne PM_(2.5)(particulate matter 2.5 μm and smaller)and volatile organic compounds(VOCs).To understand potential risks for bystanders,measuring real-time e-cigarette exposure is important.However,no study evaluates the performance of low-cost sensors for real-time measurements of indoor e-cigarette aerosol concentrations.Thirty-two low-cost GeoAir2 monitors were used to detect e-cigarette-generated PM_(2.5)and VOCs inside a controlled laboratory exposure chamber.The GeoAir2 was compared to an OPC-N3 low-cost monitor and the MiniWRAS and MiniRae reference instruments.Three e-cigarette devices(JUUL,NJOY Daily,and VOOPOO DRAG 2)were used to generate emissions using a diaphragm pump programmed to puff based on e-cigarette-user puffing behaviors.The GeoAir2 PM_(2.5)concentrations were similar to the raw MiniWRAS PM_(2.5)concentrations for different e-cigarettes.For the JUUL,PM_(2.5)measurements were close or on the 1-1 line,for the NJOY Daily measurements were on the 1-1 line for concentrations lower than 200 μg/m~3,and PM_(2.5)measurements were overestimated for the VOOPOO DRAG 2(mean correlation > 0.97).The OPC-N3 significantly underestimated concentrations compared to the raw and filter-corrected MiniWRAS concentrations(mean correlation > 0.98).The GeoAir2 VOC concentrations compared to the MiniRAE were on the 1-1 line for the VOOPOO DRAG 2,overestimated for the JUUL and NJOY Daily(mean correlation > 0.98).These results show that GeoAir2 is an effective tool for examining e-cigarette use in indoor settings,such as homes,vehicles,workplaces,vape shops,or other locations,to better understand bystander exposures to e-cigarette aerosols.