Racial-ethnic disparities in self-reported health status among US adults adjusted for sociodemographics and multimorbidities, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014

摘要

Objective: To investigate racial-ethnic disparities in self-reported health status adjusting for sociodemographic factors and multimorbidities. Design: A total of 9499 adult participants aged 20 years and older from the United States (US); reported by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a cross-sectional survey -for years 2011-2014. The main outcome measure was self-reported health status categorized as excellent/very good, good (moderate), and fair/poor. Results: Of the NHANES participants, 40.7% reported excellent/very good health, 37.2% moderate health and 22.1% fair/poor health. There were 42.8% who were non-Hispanic whites, 20.2% were Hispanic, 23.8% were non-Hispanic blacks, and 13.2% were non-Hispanic Asians. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics [Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.91, 95% Confidence Interval (Cl) = 2.28-3.71] and non-Hispanic blacks [OR = 1.51, 95% Cl = 1.26-1.83] were more likely to report fair/poor health, whereas, non-Hispanic Asians [OR = 1.42, 95% Cl = 1.14-1.76] were more likely to report moderate health than excellent/very good health. Compared to those with no chronic conditions, participants with two or three chronic conditions [OR = 9.35, 95% Cl = 7.26-12.00] and with four or more chronic conditions [OR = 38.10, 95% Cl = 26.50-54.90] were more likely to report fair/poor health than excellent/very good health status. Conclusion: The racial-ethnic differences in self-reported health persisted even after adjusting for sociodemographics and number of multimorbidities. The findings highlight the potential importance of self-reported health status and the need to increase health awareness through health assessment and health-promotional programs among the vulnerable minority US adults.