EMERGING AND REEMERGING ZOONOTIC DISEASES IN INDIA: A REVIEW

摘要

Infectious diseases that spread from vertebrates to humans and vice versa are known as zoonotic diseases. Zoonoses are thought to account for about 60 of all infectious disease pathogens and 75 of all emerging pathogens globally. Density and growth of human population, animal host species richness and low latitude are all thought to be predictors of onset of zoonotic diseases. With the world's second-largest human population, two biodiversity hotspots, and one of the world's highest densities of tropical cattle, India provides an ideal setting for the spread of both recognized and novel pathogens between animals and humans. According to available data in India, zoonotic infections constitute a significant burden on public health and animal economics. Large swaths of the country have been identified as global "hot zones" where viruses from both wild and domestic animals are likely to arise. A 'One Health' approach and strategy at the humananimal ecosystem interface is becoming more recognized as necessary for successful investigation, prevention and management of any developing zoonotic disease.