This study aimed to identify the risk factors of febrile neutropenia (FN) onset associated with melphalan (L-PAM) therapy. Thirty-nine patients (21 men,18 women) were administered L-PAM intravenously for multiple myeloma (MM) from April 2011 to February 2022 at the Department of Hematology of Gifu Municipal Hospital. Patients were classified into those with and without FN (Grade 3 or higher), complete blood count and liver function tests were performed immediately before starting therapy. Univariate analysis with Fisher's exact probability test was performed. Factors with p222 U/L (upper limit of the facility reference value) and white blood cell count 222 U/L (odds ratio： 6.33, 95% confidence interval:1.12-35.8, p=0.037)was a significant factor. In conclusion, patients with LD levels >222 U/L immediately before starting therapy require adequate monitoring for FN onset following L-PAM administration.
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