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Satellite Estimates of Mode-1 M-2 Internal Tides Using Nonrepeat Altimetry Missions

机译:基于非重复测高任务的模式-1 M-2内潮卫星估计

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摘要

Previous satellite estimates of internal tides are usually based on 25 years of sea surface height (SSH) data from 1993 to 2017 measured by exact-repeat (ER) altimetry missions. In this study, new satellite estimates of internal tides are based on 8 years of SSH data from 2011 to 2018 measured mainly by nonrepeat (NR) altimetry missions. The two datasets are labeled ER25yr and NR8yr, respectively. NR8yr has advantages over ER25yr in observing internal tides because of its shorter time coverage and denser ground tracks. Mode-1 M-2 internal tides are mapped from both datasets following the same procedure that consists of two rounds of plane wave analysis with a spatial bandpass filter in between. The denser ground tracks of NR8yr make it possible to examine the impact of window size in the first-round plane wave analysis. Internal tides mapped using six different windows ranging from 40 to 160 km have almost the same results on global average, but smaller windows can better resolve isolated generation sources. The impact of time coverage is studied by comparing NR8yr160km and ER25yr160km, which are mapped using 160-km windows in the first-round plane wave analysis. They are evaluated using independent satellite altimetry data in 2020. NR8yr160km has larger model variance and can cause larger variance reduction, suggesting that NR8yr160km is a better model than ER25yr160km. Their global energies are 43.6 and 33.6 PJ, respectively, with a difference of 10 PJ. Their energy difference is a function of location. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Our understanding of internal tides is mainly limited by the scarcity of field measurements with sufficient spatiotemporal resolution. Satellite altimetry offers a unique technique for observing and predicting internal tides on a global scale. Previous satellite observations of internal tides are mainly based on 25 years of data from exact-repeat altimetry missions. This paper demonstrates that internal tides can be mapped using 8 years of data made by nonrepeat altimetry missions. The new dataset has shorter time coverage and denser ground tracks; therefore, one can examine the impact of window size and time coverage on mapping internal tides from satellite altimetry. A comparison of models mapped from the two datasets sheds new light on the spatiotemporal variability of internal tides.
机译:以前的卫星对内潮的估计通常基于1993年至2017年25年的海面高度(SSH)数据,这些数据是通过精确重复(ER)测高任务测量的。在这项研究中,新的卫星对内潮的估计是基于2011年至2018年8年的SSH数据,主要通过非重复(NR)测高任务进行测量。这两个数据集分别标记为 ER25yr 和 NR8yr。NR8yr在观测内潮方面比ER25yr具有优势,因为它的时间覆盖时间更短,地面轨道更密集。模式-1 M-2 内部潮汐从两个数据集中映射,遵循相同的程序,包括两轮平面波分析,中间有一个空间带通滤波器。NR8yr的地轨密度较高,因此可以在第一轮平面波分析中检查窗口尺寸的影响。使用40至160公里的六个不同窗口绘制的内部潮汐在全球平均范围内具有几乎相同的结果,但较小的窗口可以更好地解析孤立的发电源。通过比较NR8yr160km和ER25yr160km,研究了时间覆盖的影响,在第一轮平面波分析中使用160 km窗口进行映射。它们在 2020 年使用独立的卫星测高数据进行评估。NR8yr160km具有较大的模型方差,可以引起较大的方差减小,表明NR8yr160km是比ER25yr160km更好的模型。它们的全局能量分别为 43.6 PJ 和 33.6 PJ,相差 10 PJ。它们的能量差异是位置的函数。意义声明:我们对内潮的理解主要受到具有足够时空分辨率的场测量的稀缺的限制。卫星测高为观测和预测全球范围内的内潮提供了一种独特的技术。以往对内潮汐的卫星观测主要基于25年的精确重复测高任务数据。本文证明了可以使用非重复测高任务产生的 8 年数据绘制内部潮汐图。新数据集具有更短的时间覆盖范围和更密集的地面轨迹;因此,可以研究窗口大小和时间覆盖范围对卫星测高法绘制内部潮汐的影响。通过对两个数据集绘制的模型的比较,可以对内潮的时空变化性提出新的认识。

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