Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Targeted Cell Seeding: Magnetic Patterning and Magnetic 3D Cell Culture

摘要

In regenerative medicine, noncontact manipulation of cells enables newpossibilities for tissue engineering. Due to their physicochemical properties,superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are used in biomedicinefor various applications, e.g., as drug transporters, contrast agents orto make cells maneuverable by magnetic forces. SPIONs attached to and/or taken up by cells enable their magnetic targeting for adoptive immunetherapies or tissue engineering. Remote control of different “magnetized” celltypes can be used to construct multilayered tissues without the need for ascaffold structure. Here, the suitability of SPIONs with various coatings, suchas polyacrylic acid-co-maleic acid (PAM), lauric acid (LA), lauric acid-humanserum albumin (HSA), and citrate to magnetize cells is compared with thecommercially available NanoShuttle-PL, designed for use in magnetic 3D cellcultures. Depending on the amount of cellular labeling, magnetic control ismore or less effective. In particular, PAM- and citrate-coated SPIONs achievegood cellular loading and provide magnetic controllability of cells. In 2Dcell culture, the magnetic cargo allows the patterned culture of cells. In 3D,SPIONs enable and accelerate spheroid formation as well as micropatterningusing unloaded and loaded cells in parallel.