Honey bee losses and pesticides threat: an Asian perspective

摘要

In Asian countries, the agriculture sector is an important domain. Honey bees (Apis mellifera, L.) play an important role in the agricultural sector by pollinating the vast range of edible fruits and grain crops. The value of A. mellifera as the most valuable pollinating insect has long been recognized throughout the temperate and tropical zones of Asia. The worldwide value of pollinators is euro153 billion (217 billion US dollars). Pollinators enhanced seed production, fruit setting, and yield. The main challenge faced throughout the world due to honey bee losses is starvation. It leads to a food security crisis. Both biotic and abiotic factors float bee survival challenges. Pesticides inevitably harm vital pollinators and cause lethal and sublethal toxicity. In Asia, excessive usage of pesticides is a great threat to pollinators. It disrupts molecular and physiological functions, behavior, and cognitive activities. Dealing with all constraints in an integrated way will be a profoundly vital necessity. Altering excessive chemical-intensive agriculture systems into an ecological farming system is a current requirement for food security. People should have awareness of sustainable pollination services through managing beekeeping practices.