Abstract Land suitability assessment is integral to land planning and development. One of the crucial ways to know the different capabilities of lands is to use agroecological zoning. The result of this type of land zoning is quantitative and qualitative increases in crop yields due to climate, soil, and topographic adaptations. This study aimed to create agroecological zoning maps for irrigated and rain-fed chickpea cultivation in semiarid regions in the Khorasan provinces, Iran. Data was prepared in a geographic information system (GIS) environment and using a membership function defined in a fuzzy inference system. Then, by weighted linear combination method, the standardized layers were combined with their weight in GIS environment to reach the final maps. The results illustrated that the precipitation factor had the highest weight (0.9) for rain-fed chickpea farming. For irrigated chickpea cultivation, slope and soil capability had the highest weight (0.9). The agroecological zoning maps indicated that 154,625?ha (0.7%) and 178,412?ha (2.9%) of the study area were the most suitable lands, respectively, for rain-fed and irrigated chickpea cultivation. 9.5% (2,265,128?ha) and 9% (2,168,314?ha), 31% (7,398,457?ha) and 19.1% (4,565,217?ha), and 58.8% (14,010,097?ha) and 71% (16,916,364?ha) of the study area were moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and unsuitable for rain-fed and irrigated chickpea cultivation, respectively. The results also illustrated that climatic zoning and topographic zoning have a critical role in determining the suitable areas for chickpea production under rain-fed and irrigated conditions.
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