Introducing a process to select the appropriate dam compensation option based on ecosystem services

摘要

Abstract Today, the environmental damages of dams are enormous and undeniable, and it is very difficult to reduce these losses. However, environmental damages from dam construction projects may be reduced in intensity and scope through remedial proceedings in the realm of engineering and management operations. The aim of this study was to provide a framework for reducing the destructive effects of dam construction in Western Iran in the heart of the Oak forests of the Zagros. To explore policymaking options and provide technical solutions to reduce damages from the dams and restoration the forests in the region, the scenario examination approach was used in a dynamic model due to the complexity of human–forest relationship interaction and the presence of many actors in this realm. The dynamic model prepared by variations of forest growth over time and the evaluation of the value of forest ecosystem services made it possible to implement predefined scenarios in forest management. Four different scenarios were designed to develop policies for reducing damages caused by the dam construction. Finally, the appropriate scenario (S4) is one in which conservation, restoration and reduction in pressure on forest resources in the region is proposed as the final solution to reduce the damages to forest resources caused by dam construction and restoration of vegetation. Also, the afforestation in the area is not a suitable option for remediation of vegetation.