Liquid–Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator Arrays Based on Dynamic Electric-Double-Layer for Harvesting Water Wave Energy

摘要

In the new energy era, ocean wave energy is recognized as one of the mostimportant clean and renewable energy sources. As an advanced energytechnology, developing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) to harvest oceanwave energy has become a promising research direction. However, for mostof the current fully enclosed TENGs or liquid–solid TENGs, theindustrialization is limited. In this work, a TENG with a new working schemeis proposed for water wave energy harvesting. Through designing theopposite dynamic electric-double-layers, the efficient conversion of waterkinetic energy into electrical energy is achieved. Moreover, the TENGstructure is extended to an array. Under irregular water waves, the TENGarray exhibits desired output performance, with the stable output current of60.0 μA, output voltage of 60.0 V, and average power density of 5.38 W m~（?3）.Finally, the TENG array is demonstrated to successfully power signalspotlights, the digital thermometer and the water quality detector. This studynot only broadens the research ideas for TENGs, but also provides a newmechanism for the ocean wave energy exploitation, which is of greatsignificance to the industrialization of TENGs and blue energy.