Heart sound-derived systolic time intervals for atrioventricular delay optimization in cardiac resynchronization therapy

摘要

BACKGROUND Phonocardiography (PCG) can be used to determine systolic time intervals (STIs) from ventricular pacing spike to the first heart sound (VS1) and from the first to the second heart sound (S1S2).OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the rela-tions between STIs and hemodynamics during atrioventricular (AV) delay optimization of biventricular pacing (BiVP) in animals and patients. METHODS Five pigs with AV block underwent BiVP, while PCG was collected from an epicardial accelerometer. In 21 patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy device implantation, PCG was recorded with a pulse generator-embedded microphone. Optimal AV delays derived from shortest VS1 and longest S1S2 were compared with AV delays derived from highest left ventricular pressure (LVP), maximal rate of rise in LVP, and stroke work.RESULTS In pigs, VS1 and S1S2 predicted the AV delays with optimal hemodynamics (highest LVP, maximal rate of rise in LVP, and stroke work) by a median error of 2-28 ms, resulting in a median loss of ,2% of pump function. In patients, VS1 and S1S2 predicted the optimal AV delay by errors of 32.5 and 37.5 ms, respectively, re-sulting in 0.2%-0.9% lower LVP and stroke work, which were reduced to 21 and 24 ms in 8 patients with a full-capture AV delay of .180 ms.CONCLUSION During BiVP with varying AV delays, close relations exist between PCG-derived STIs and hemodynamic parameters. AV delays advised by PCG-derived STIs cause only a minimal loss of pump function compared with those based on invasive hemody-namic measurements.TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01832493