The Consolation of Philosophy, by Boethius (c. 480-524), was one of the most widely read, translated, and commented upon texts in Western Europe during the medieval and early modern periods. The text is written in prosimetrum form, meaning that it alternates between poetry and prose and that its influence extends over both philosophical and literary audiences. The arguments outlined in the prose draw upon Platonic and Aristotelian philosophy and would later give rise to medieval scholasticism in the thirteenth century. The poetic meters, indebted to Virgil (70-19 BC) and Ovid (43 BC-17 AD), would later become inspirational sources for medieval poets such as Dante (1265-1321) and Chaucer (1340-1400). The vast influence and legacy of this text overshadows its relatively obscure historical origins. Boethius himself was born into a prominent Roman family in Italy just as the Roman Empire had effectively collapsed. After studying classical philosophy, Boethius entered a life of public service at the court of Theoderic (454-526), king of the Ostrogoths, and rose to become the Master of Offices. While Theodoric had initially welcomed the Roman aristocracy to his service, he later suspected them of conspiring against him with the Byzantines in Constantinople. Boethius became a casualty of this political intrigue. He was accused of treason, imprisoned, and condemned to death. The Consolation, written during his incarceration, represents his final work and masterpiece. The text stages a dialogue between Lady Philosophy and the imprisoned Boethius, in which Philosophy helps him to overcome his self-pitying state by reminding him of her ethical and spiritual teachings.
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