The need to regulate the more than 425,000 miles (683,971 km) of natural gas gathering pipelines throughout the United States for the first time stems from more than governmental fiat. It is tied to the transformation of the energy industry in the 21st century and the pipelines that supply increasingly complex markets. With the widespread use of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) during the past 15 years, gas volumes extracted and transported through gathering pipelines have swelled significantly.
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