Low- and zero-emission vehicles are making their way from the roads to the off-highway market driven by regulations and national environmental policies. Hybrid and electric machinery have merged onto both jobsite and field. This pressure has many mobile machinery OEMs looking for ways to electrify their traditional internal-combustion engine (ICE) models. OEMs are faced with a number of challenges. For the end user, electrified machine performance must be identical to the equivalent ICE machine to carry out the same work. Likewise, the electric machine must offer acceptable range and battery lifetime to reach sufficient daily availability for work. The noise level of the electric machine must be significantly lower than the equivalent ICE machine to improve working conditions for the driver and reduce noise pollution in urban environments. Above all, to make economic sense, the electric machine needs to deliver a return on investment comparable to the equivalent ICE machine within a reasonable time frame. Lower operation and maintenance costs help the owner achieve the desired lower total cost of ownership.
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