The Raffalovich Family and Others: A Contribution to Financial Cosmopolitanism in Russia in the Late 19th-Early 20th Century

摘要

Financial cosmopolitanism is usually seen as an attribute of the first wave of globalization from the late 19th century until the First World War. The article is devoted to the activity of the business elite of Russian origin in Europe on the examples of the fate of large banker families members: Raffalovich, Lessin, Nemirovsky and others. The author shows the diverse connections between the European bourgeoisie and the artistic circles. Several phases of the development of the phenomenon of financial cosmopolitanism are distinguished in relations to Russia and to the Russian big bourgeoisie in exile up to the end of 1920s.