About Periodic Oscillations of the Microorganisms Cells Number in Nature and in Pure Culture: To the Third Law of Population Ecology in Microbiology

摘要

Abstract The objectivity of the phenomenon of wave-like changes in the number of cells of microbial populations and communities in nature or in a pure culture of microorganisms and the significance of understanding this phenomenon for ecology and biotechnology are experimentally and theoretically substantiated. A brief history of the problem is discussed. Three basic general laws of population ecology are given. A mathematical model is proposed, which, based on the parameters included in the equations, makes it possible to describe the wave-like dynamics of the growth of a population of a pure bacterial culture. This model is a mathematical expression of the third law of population ecology, reflecting the dynamics of the existence of a pure culture of microorganisms: dX/dt = (µ(S) −D(S)) × X. dS/dt = −X × µ (S)/Y + Kr × X × D(S). The experimental and theoretical material presented in the work will be of interest to microbiologists, biotechnologists—theorists and practitioners in the field of cultivation of microorganisms—and specialists in the field of population ecology.