Sustainability of Valuable Metals Recovery from Hazardous Industrial Solid Wastes: The Role of Mechanical Activation

摘要

It is no longer a discovery that mechanochemistry positively influences the extractive metallurgy and other allied industries' circular economy. However, a pertinent use and control of its processing route and parameters need to be looked into for effective sustainability of the industries and resources involved. The application of Mechanical activation (MA) in the extractive metallurgical process (hydrometallurgy) has vehemently improved the conversion of waste to wealth compared to other pretreatment methods. Some industrial wastes are hazardous and they are heap-dumped, negatively influencing the environment they occupied. This present work reviewed the hazardous industrial solid wastes ( HISWs) from which economically valuable metals (EVMs) were recovered and the economic and environmental benefits of recovering via the Mechanical Activation Hydrometallurgical process. The influence of both MA and leaching parameters on the recovery efficiency was shown. The detailed analysis of the optimum conditions of these MA-leaching processes was also reported on the ground of critical evaluation of the scientific literature scrutiny. This study aims to present a direction and guidance flow sheet based on an extensive literature survey for effective recovery of EVM from secondary resources (HISW) via the MA-hydrometallurgical process addressing the drawbacks of MA-assisted leaching.