Contemporary landscaping has been influenced by specific periods of art and technology. As a result, landscape architecture has two leading design philosophies: art and science. The grafting of art and technology is an essential concern in the landscape design process. Landscape design is the process of determining shape, while form generation (FG) provides the direction for the shape. Modeling work becomes a representative method for FG. In contrast to architectural materials, FG in landscape design uses more flexible materials, such as clay and sand. Sand is one of the most accessible materials for FG and can be used to transform a diversity of forms. Sand's easily deformable and reformable characteristics become the most important factor in stimulating human creative activities. For example, Jean-Pierre Hebert is an artist who uses sand by combining advanced technologies in the art field. Karesansui Gardens, in Japan, offers a prime example of changeable material use. However, the easy variability of sand also requires that designers be able to develop the subsequent design process. Only limited applications are possible for those designers who do have the ability. Using sand in the modeling process can offer an effective design direction in terms of creativity. However, its variability makes achieving the ultimate goal of landscape design, which must be applied on a 1:1 scale, difficult.
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