A 59-year-old, left-handed patient complained of sensorimotor ulnar neuropathy. Electromyography showed an ulnar conduction block in the elbow region. Because of a positive elbow flexion test, we performed an MRI, revealing an anconeus epitrochlearis muscle covering the ulnar nerve (Fig. 1a). This accessory muscle was surgically removed (Fig. 1b), leading to complete recovery. This anatomical variation was first described in humans by the Austrian anatomist Gruber [1] (1814–1890), who participated in the description of ulnar-median nervous anastomosis of the forearm (Fig. 1c, d). The anconeus epitrochlearis muscle must be kept in mind in clinical practice [2].
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