Binary Solvent System Used to Fabricate Fully Annealing-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

摘要

High temperature post-deposition annealing of hybrid lead halide perovskitethin films-typically lasting at least 10 min-dramatically limits themaximum roll-to-roll coating speed, which determines solar module manufacturingcosts. While several approaches for “annealing-free” perovskitesolar cells (PSCs) have been demonstrated, many are of limited feasibilityfor scalable fabrication. Here, this work has solvent-engineered a highvapor pressure solvent mixture of 2-methoxy ethanol and tetrahydrofuran todeposit highly crystalline perovskite thin-films at room temperature usinggas-quenching to remove the volatile solvents. Using this approach, this workdemonstrates p-i-n devices with an annealing-free MAPbI_3 perovskite layerachieving stabilized power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 18.0%,compared to 18.4% for devices containing an annealed perovskite layer. Thiswork then explores the deposition of self-assembled molecules as the holetransportinglayer without annealing. This work finally combines the methodsto create fully annealing-free devices having stabilized PCEs of up to 17.1%.This represents the state-of-the-art for annealing-free fabrication of PSCs witha process fully compatible with roll-to-roll manufacture.