Global net anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions increased from 38 GtCO_2-eq in 1990 to 59±6.6 GtCO_2-eq in 2019, representing a 154% increase compared to 1990 (IPCC, 2022). COz emissions from fossil fuel and industry (CO_2FFI) remained the highest, increasing from 23 GtCO_2-eq in 1990 to 38±3 GtCO2-eq in 2019, a 167% increase. CO2 emissions from land use, land-use change, and forestry (CO_2 LULUCF) increased by 133%, reaching 6.6±4.6 GtCO_2-eq in 2019 compared to 5 GtCO_2-eq in 1990. Between 1990 and 2019, methane (CH4) emissions increased from 8.6 GtCO_2-eq to 11+4 GtCO2-eq, fluorinated gases (F-gases) from 0.43 GtCO_2-eq to 1.4+0.41 GtCO_2-eq, and nitrous oxide (N2O) from 2.05 GtCO_2-eq to 2.7±1.6 GtCO_2-eq.
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