Oars and sails have powered ships with zero emissions for thousands of years. Starting in the 19th century, sailing ships were replaced by machine-powered ships and used for transporting goods and people. Marine transport has become the most efficient form of bulk transportation and continues to expand with the majority of vessels today powered by combustion engines burning fossil fuels that are contributing to global pollution. In 2018, targets established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) aim for at least 50% reduction in greenhouse gases (GHG) by the year 2050 compared to 2008 levels.While technologies are evolving and solutions are being developed to achieve the decarbonization goal, teaching about alternative fuels in future naval architecture education presents both challenges and opportunities. Some education programs in other fields have already started teaching students about alternative fuels. However, programs considering alternative fuels for ship design and operations are in their infancy.
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