A new topology optimization procedure for reinforced concrete structures is presented. The main application is reducing weight of concrete structures, which is highly desirable due to the negative environmental impact of cement production. The distribution of both concrete and reinforcement bars is optimized simultaneously. Concrete is modeled as a continuum exhibiting damage, into which reinforcement bars are embedded. Several examples demonstrate the capabilities of the procedure in generating efficient structures with a higher load-bearing capacity per unit weight, compared to standard designs. The proposed approach facilitates a fully digital work flow that can unify computer-based analysis, design and production.
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