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On the maturation rate of the neutrophil

机译:关于中性粒细胞的成熟率

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AbstractFifty‐three maturing bone marrow cells of the granulocyte cell series stained with Giemsa stain and magnified 1,000 times were scanned by a “computerized microscope” consisting of a LSI‐11/23 microprocessor and a black‐and‐white video camera attached to a “frame grabber.” Each sampled cell was digitized into 70 × 70 pixels, each pixel representing 0.04 μm of the real image. The pixel gray values ranged between 0 and 255. Zero stood for white, 255 represented black, while the numbers in between stood for the various shades of gray. The cells represented six different stages of granulocytic maturation: myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, band form, and polymorphonuclear granulocyte.A discriminant analysis program selected 19 features best distinguishing between the six different cell types and computed five canonical discriminant functions defining a Space in which maturation was studied. In the Space, distance between two cells serves as a measure of similarity. The closer two cells are, the more similar they are and vice versa. This measure was applied here to express the degree of similarity between the neutrophil maturation classes, and since they represent states in the neutrophil life history, it is applicable also as a yardstick for the quantitation of differentiation. In the Space, the life history of a cell is represented by a trajectory originating in the myeloblast and terminating in the granulocyte state. Displacement along the trajectory represents cell maturation that is expressed relatively to the least differentiated state of the myeloblast. The further a cell from this state the more mature it is. The same yardstick also serves for differentiation rate estimates represented in the Space by displacement velocities that are derived from the known “transit times” of a cell in each state. The methodology is also applied for cell production estimates.Unlike other “computerized microscopes” serving for cell classification, the instrument described in this study is primarily a cell‐comparator providing a precise measure of simil
机译:摘要用LSI-11/23微处理器和附在“图像采集卡”上的黑白摄像机组成的“计算机显微镜”扫描了53个用吉姆萨染色并放大1000倍的粒细胞细胞系列成熟骨髓细胞。每个采样的细胞被数字化为 70 × 70 像素,每个像素代表真实图像的 0.04 μm。像素灰度值介于 0 和 255 之间。零代表白色,255代表黑色,而中间的数字代表各种深浅不一的灰色。这些细胞代表了粒细胞成熟的六个不同阶段:成髓细胞、早幼粒细胞、骨髓细胞、后幼粒细胞、带状和多形核粒细胞。判别分析程序选择了 19 个最能区分六种不同细胞类型的特征,并计算了 5 个典型判别函数,定义了研究成熟的空间。在空间中,两个单元格之间的距离是相似性的度量。两个单元格越近,它们就越相似,反之亦然。该测量值在这里用于表示中性粒细胞成熟类别之间的相似程度,并且由于它们代表中性粒细胞生活史中的状态,因此它也适用于分化定量的标准。在空间中,细胞的生命史由起源于成髓细胞并以粒细胞状态终止的轨迹表示。沿轨迹的位移代表相对于成髓细胞最低分化状态表达的细胞成熟。细胞离这种状态越远,它就越成熟。同样的标准也用于在空间中由位移速度表示的分化速率估计,这些位移速度是从每个状态下细胞的已知“传输时间”得出的。该方法也适用于电池产量估算。与其他用于细胞分类的“计算机显微镜”不同,本研究中描述的仪器主要是一种细胞比较器,提供精确的相似测量

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