Measurement and simulation of sooting characteristics by an ATJ-SKA biojet fuel and blends with Jet A-1 fuel in laminar non-premixed flames

摘要

We investigate the sooting propensity of an Alcohol-to-Jet-Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (ATJ-SKA)biojet fuel. The soot volume fraction and primary particle size in the pre-vaporised diffusion flames usingATJ-SKA biojet and blends with Jet A-1 at atmospheric conditions were measured experimentally andcompared to numerical simulations. The measurements were conducted using extinction calibrated laserinduced incandescence (LII). The soot volume fractions measured using the ATJ-SKA fuel do not showsignificant differences relative to measurements with Jet A-1. A comparison of the chemical compositionof the fuels suggests that the Degree of Unsaturation (DoU) may not determine the sooting propensityof biojet fuels. The SEM analysis shows that diffusion flames using neat Jet A-1 produce finer soot particlesand larger number density compared to the biojet and biojet surrogate. The soot model employs asemi-detailed chemical kinetic mechanism and a physical model which integrates the population balanceequation governing the soot particle size distribution with an in-house reactive flow solver for multicomponentideal gases. The model predicts the maximum soot volume fraction (SVF m ) in the neat biojet caseand the blended cases with Jet A-1 fuels within an error margin of 13% of the measured values. However,the predicted soot volume fraction distribution patterns differ from the measured one and the possiblecauses are discussed.