Gender Diagnoses in the DSM and ICD

摘要

In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association published the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). In DSM-5, the gender identity disorder diagnoses were retained, but were given a new name: gender dysphoria (GD), with a GD diagnosis for children and another for adolescents and adults. The World Health Organization (WHO) is revising the 11th edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11). The proposal for ICD-11, expected to be released in 2018, includes a new category: gender incongruence (GI), with a GI diagnosis for children and another for adolescents and adults. Both the DSM-5 Work-group on Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders and later the WHO Working Group on Sexual Disorders and Sexual Health faced similar tasks-reconciling patients' need for access to care with the stigma of a psychiatric diagnosis. The differing nature of the two diagnostic manuals, however, led to two different outcomes.