For a connected graph G - oV; ETHORN of order at least two, a set S of vertices in a graph G is said to be an outer connected geodetic set if S is a geodetic set of G and either S - V or the subgraph induced by V S is connected. The minimum cardinality of an outer connected geodetic set of G is the outer connected geodetic number of G and is denoted by gocoGTHORN. We determine bounds for it and find the same for some special classes of graphs. Also some realization results for this parameter are studied. This concept can be mainly used in fault-tolerant network in order to ensure the communication between nodes.
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机译：对于连接图，G - oV;ETHORN 至少为两个阶，如果 S 是 G 的大地测量集，并且 S - V 或由 V S 引起的子图连接，则称 G 中的顶点集合 G 为外连通大地测量集。外连通大地测量集 G 的最小基数是 G 的外连通大地测量数，用 gocoGTHORN 表示。我们确定它的边界，并为某些特殊类别的图找到相同的边界。此外，还研究了该参数的一些实现结果。这个概念可以主要用于容错网络，以确保节点之间的通信。
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