Production mechanism for out-of-plane deformation (longitudinal bending deformation and angular distortion) was investigated. The shape of longitudinal bending deformation was determined by the relative position of the neutral axis for the crosssection of the object in fillet welding and the welding heat source. That is, when the neutral axis is above the welding heat source, the shape becomes a convex, and when the neutral axis is below the welding heat source, the shape becomes a concave.However, even if the position of the neutral axis, which was determined only from cross section of the object, and the position of the welding heat source coincided, the small longitudinal bending deformation was produced because the central position toexpansion and shrinkage did not coincide with the neutral axis of the object. The magnitude of deformation was influenced by the web height and the distance from the neutral axis to the heat source. In angular distortion, the shape of the deformation wasdetermined from the relative position of the neutral axis for the cross section of the flange and the welding heat source. The magnitude of deformation was influenced by the flange thickness, the welding sequence and the welding speed. The generality ofthe production mechanism for the out-of-plane deformation generated in the fillet welding was confirmed.
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