The following report is not intended to be a factually correct reflection of the whole of the Italian Community Health System but rather a collection of personal observations from my 2-week Erasmus+ exchange programme in Lecce, Italy (April 2019). See Box 1 for a summary of accomplishments. Italian GPs appeared to consistently deliver patient-centred consultations without clear application of any recognised communication methodology. Quite the contrary; without establishing patients' ideas, concerns and expectations (ICEs) during consultations, it was difficult to tell whether consultation outcomes were in line with patients' expectations.
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