Using dried blood spot tenofovir levels as a marker for adherence, increasing income disparity was significantly linked to lower ART adherence in a study of 430 patients. Improvements in simplicity, tolerability, and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy regimens have resulted in marked improvements in suppression rates for persons living with HIV. Yet many studies and experiences have shown that achieving 100% suppression rates remains elusive. Social determinants of health (i.e., income, education, discrimination, living conditions, and access to healthcare) often are identified as being key to optimal health outcomes. For this study, investigators used dried blood spot tenofovir di-phosphate levels (DBS-TDF) as a marker for cumulative antiretroviral (ART) adherence.
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