Social movement protest engages two significant audiences on either side of a social group's cultural boundary. Among insiders, it promotes a sense of shared belonging, whereas to an audience outside of that boundary, it conveys the other group's distinctive identity. Research works have analyzed the mutually beneficial effects of protest on insider organizations such as social movement organizations (SMOs). However there are benefits for other kinds of affiliated organizations. The present study examines the benefits of organizations affiliated with a movement that have audiences outside as well as inside the movement boundary. The study partitions the set of movement-affiliated organizations (AFOs) as seeking support either from an audience inside a group's boundary, or from audiences inside and outside the group's boundary. The study focuses on AFOs that operate locally and combine multiple audiences made up of both inside and outside agents. The study analyzes the effect of pro-lesbian gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) protests on organizations affiliated with the LGBTQ group in a sample of cities over time. An instrumental variable panel regression is adopted to reduce omitted variable bias that would occur if the relationship between protest participation and numbers of AFOs is endogenous.
展开▼
