This paper (and the following related arti-cles) show that innovative card-based services can be implemented in European cities. The GAUDI implementations point to an optimistic future for managing urban mobility demand based on systems for the integrated payment for services (including" electronic purse(s)), utilising current and emerging standards for contact smart cards. The scale of the experimentations demonstrates that GAUDI has been particularly successful in developing a common market for the appropriate ATT products, and a great deal of related know-how is now at the disposition of these cities. Now, the main challenge is to convert intelligent demonstrations into wider-scale implementations that deliver a better quality of life to Europe's citizens.
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