By the late 19th century, there was not much left to discover on this earth in terms of geography. Only the polar regions remained somewhat of a geographic mystery.In 1913, two expeditions were planned: one going south and the other going north. Although there were similarities, the two expeditions had different leadership styles and distinctively different outcomes. In both cases, ships were lost early in the endeavors; in one, all survived while the other lost a significant number of members; and one failed to achieve any of its objectives while the other was successful in its primary objective.
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