Photosynthesis in drought-adapted cassava

摘要

After 45 d of limited water supply, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) exhibited pronounced reduction in shoot growth, high leaf fall, and decreased stomatal conductance. However, the water status of the remaimng leaves was unaffected. This was combined with an amplified heliotropic response and drooping which minimises radiant energy interception al mid-day, suggesting that leaves are sensitive to nigh irradiance (h. In well-imgated plants, CO_2-saturated oxygen evolution and net photosynthetic rate (PN) in air were markedly higher (5-fold) in young (expanding) leaves than in mature leaves. Water limitation did not strongly modify CO_2-saturated oxygen evolution but it altered P_N ill air for both types of leaves, 'although differently. The mature leaves of drought-adapted plants displayed residual rate of P_N and deteriorated photosystem 2 (PS2) photochemistry estimated from chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence measurements. In young leaves at moderate I,P_N, was depressed by only 66 % in stressed plants. Moreover, the photochemical quenching of Chl a fluorescence and the quantum efficiency of PS2 photochemistry in young leaves were comparable in both control and stressed plants. In contrast at high h P_N was almost null and marked decreases in the two fluorescence parameters were apparent. Hence the strong heliotropic response and drooping displayed by young leaves under water limitation is an important strategy for avoiding inactivation of PN by high I and therefore for cassava tolerance to drought.