Reduced Graphene Oxide-Gold Nanoparticle Nanohybrid Modified Cost-Effective Paper-Based Biosensor for Procalcitonin Detection

摘要

The present study reports the fabrication of reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/gold nanoparticles (AuNP) nanocomposites modified cellulose fiber paper-based electrochemical biosensor for procalcitonin (PCT) biomarker detection. PCT is a biomarker specific for bacterial infection (BI) detection and has gained much attention as a potential solution to the problems associated with determining appropriate antibiotic use. In sepsis and other severe infections, serum PCT levels increase to values above 100ngmL~(-1) in response to pro-inflammatory stimulation. The structural and morphological characterization of the rGO-AuNP composite are investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Monoclonal antibodies specific to PCT were covalently immobilized onto the rGO-AuNP nano-composite modified paper to fabricate an electrochemical biosensor. The fabricated biosensor exhibits linearity in the PCT concentration range 10 15×10~3 pgmL~(-1), with a low detection limit 10pgmL~(-1). Furthermore, the proposed biosensor also exhibited good selectivity and could detect PCT biomarkers even in the presence of other interfering electroactive species such as glucose, oxalic acid, and urea. The proposed CF-based biosensor has been proven as an accelerated simple point-of-care (POC) exploratory approach for early PCT diagnosis in inadequate areas with limited production facilities, computational techniques, and highly skilled experts.