REPLY: Significance of Stellate Ganglion Removal During Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation

摘要

We are very grateful to Dr. Halder and colleagues for highlighting the significance of the stellate ganglion (SG) during cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD). We concur with their observations about the surgical aspects of the procedure. The sympathetic nervous system is a key player in the genesis of ventricular arrhythmias (1). Sympathetic control is exerted through a delicate dialogue between various structures, including the SG, the middle cervical ganglion, the sympathetic chain (SC) from T2 to T4, the spinal cord, and the heart. Its activity is therefore the result of the complex balance of afferent and efferent sympathetic fibers coming from and across those structures.