Genetic mutation risk calculation in Lynch syndrome inheritance: Evaluating the utility of the PREMM1,2,6 model in Lyon: The first French study

摘要

Lynch syndrome is due to germline mutations in mismatch repair genes: MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. It is characterized by an increased risk of various cancers including colorectal and endometrial cancers. Early diagnosis of these patients allows for appropriate surveillance and improves survival rates. Differentiating between patients who should undergo genetic testing and those for whom it is not necessary is difficult despite various established criteria (Amsterdam and Bethesda). Often, health professionals meet in multidisciplinary committees (MDC) to discuss patient cases regarding Lynch syndrome. In this study, we evaluated if the prediction model PREMM1,2,6 could be used to enhance MDC decision-making and whether it should be included in our own routine practice and in those of other French teams. Using the prediction model in our cohort would have avoided 12% of the analyses recommended by our MDC. Furthermore, all patients with a mutation in one of the MMR genes would have been detected. In addition, according to the model, we should have provided 20% more genetic testing, which suggests that the decision-making criteria used by the professionals in our MDC, was too restrictive. These results suggest that PREMM1,2,6 should be used in current practice to validate the decisions of the MDC before genetic testing is performed in complex cases. The model should be added as a major quality criterion for genetic testing, along with somatic tests, as previously reported in the literature.