Observation of hole Peregrine soliton in a multicomponent plasma with critical density of negative ions

摘要

The evolution of hole Peregrine soliton (appearing as a deep trough between two crests) from ion-acoustic perturbations excited in a multicomponent plasma with critical density of negative ions has been observed. The observed soliton is described by the rational solution of the cubic nonlinear Schr?dinger equation, which can appear as an isolated high peak or a deep hole depending on the phase of the underlying carrier wave relative to the envelope. The measured amplitude of the hole Peregrine soliton (depth from crest to trough) is found to be more than twice the background wave height. The experimental observations are compared with the theoretical results obtained from the solution of the cubic nonlinear Schr?dinger equation. The frequency spectrum of the Peregrine soliton is analyzed and found to be triangular in shape.