Electron pitch-angle distributions, including isotropy, pancake, cigar, butterfly, and recently discovered rolling-pin distributions, are crucial to understanding electron dynamics in the magnetotail. However, occurrence rates of these distributions remain unclear. Here, for the first time, we reveal the occurrence rates of these distributions in the magnetotail by using Cluster data during 2001-2009, with special focus on the newly reported rolling-pin distribution. We find that percentages of these distributions are 44.7% (isotropy), 31.3% (pancake), 17.5% (cigar), 4.9% (rolling-pin), and 1.6% (butterfly), respectively. We find that in the XY_(GSM) plane, occurrence rates of these PADs peak near: [X_(GSM) ≈ -11 R)E, Y_(GSM) ≈ -5 RE] (isotropy), [X_(GSM) ≈ -15 R_E, YGSM ≈ -11 RE] (pancake), [X_(GSM) ≈ -11 RE, Y_(GSM) ≈ -5 R_E] (cigar), [X_(GSM) ≈ -11 R_E, Y_(GSM) ≈ -3 R_E] (rolling-pin), and [X_(GSM) ≈ -11 RE, Y_(GSM) ≈ -4 R_E] (butterfly), respectively; and along the r direction, where r is the distance to the center of the Earth in the XY_(GSM) plane, their occurrence rates peak near: -18 R_E < r < -12 R_E (isotropy), -20 R_E < r < -12 R_E (pancake), -16 RE < r < -10 R_E (cigar), r ≈ -13 R_E (rolling-pin), and -14 R_E < r < -10 R_E (butterfly), respectively. Such rates indicate that the rolling-pin and cigar distributions have similar occurrence rates, supporting previous studies suggesting that rolling-pin distributions arise from cigar distributions. All distributions have maximum occurrences near the equator but at different subregions. We cannot find any statistical correlation between magnetic structures and the rolling-pin distributions, different from previous studies suggesting a close connection between them.
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机译:电子螺旋角分布,包括各向同性,煎饼,雪茄,蝴蝶,最近发现擀面杖分布,是至关重要的理解电子动力学磁尾。分布尚不清楚。时间,我们揭示的发生率通过使用集群分布在磁尾在2001 - 2009年的数据,并将重点放在了新报道擀面杖分布。这些分布百分比是44.7%(各向同性),31.3%(烙饼),17.5%(雪茄),4.9%(擀面杖)和1.6%(蝴蝶)分别。这些垫峰值附近发生的比率:[间(GSM)≈-15 R_E YGSM≈-11 RE](烙饼),[间(GSM)≈-11 RE, Y_ (GSM)≈5 R_E](雪茄),[间(GSM)≈-11 R_E Y_ (GSM)≈3 R_E](擀面杖)和[间(GSM)≈-11 RE, Y_ (GSM)≈分别为4 R_E](蝴蝶);r, r是距离的地方地球中心的XY_ (GSM)飞机,他们出现率峰值附近:-18 R_E R_E < r < -12(各向同性),-20 R_E < r < -12 R_E(烙饼),-16年RE < r < -10 R_E(雪茄),r≈-13 R_E(擀面杖)和-14 R_E < r < -10 R_E分别(蝴蝶)。擀面杖和雪茄分布发生率相似,支持先前的研究表明,擀面杖分布来自雪茄分布。最大出现在赤道附近,但是在吗不同的条件。之间的统计相关性磁结构和擀面杖分布,不同于先前的研究表明他们之间密切的联系。
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