Findings from Hannover Medical School Update Understanding of Cancer (Reprogramming Enriches for Somatic Cell Clones With Small-scale Mutations In Cancer-associated Genes)

摘要

2021 SEP 21 (NewsRx) - By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Disease Prevention Daily - A new study on Cancer is now available. According to news reporting originating in Hannover, Germany, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, "Cellular therapies based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) come out of age and an increasing number of clinical trials applying iPSC-based transplants are ongoing or in preparation. Recent studies, however, demonstrated a high number of small-scale mutations in iPSCs." Financial supporters for this research include Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), German Research Foundation (DFG), Ministry for Science and Culture Lower Saxony (Niedersachsisches Vorab), Sachsische AufbauBank/Vita34. The news reporters obtained a quote from the research from Hannover Medical School, "Although the mutational load in iPSCs seems to be largely derived from their parental cells, it is still unknown whether reprogramming may enrich for individual mutations that could lead to loss of functionality and tumor formation from iPSC derivatives. 30 hiPSC lines were analyzed by whole exome sequencing. High accuracy amplicon sequencing showed that all analyzed small-scale variants pre-existed in their parental cells and that individual mutations present in small subpopulations of parental cells become enriched among hiPSC clones during reprogramming. Among those, putatively actionable driver mutations affect genes related to cell-cycle control, cell death, and pluripotency and may confer a selective advantage during reprogramming. Finally, a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-based experimental approach was applied to provide additional evidence for the individual impact of such genes on the reprogramming efficiency."