Studies from University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Yield New Information about Autoimmunity (Phosphorylation and Chromatin Tethering Prevent Cgas Activation During Mitosis)

摘要

2021 MAY 03 (NewsRx) - By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Disease Prevention Daily - Data detailed on Immunology - Autoimmunity have been presented. According to news originating from Dallas, Texas, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, "The cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase (cGAS) detects microbial and self-DNA in the cytosol to activate immune and inflammatory programs. cGAS also associates with chromatin, especially after nuclear envelope breakdown when cells enter mitosis. How cGAS is regulated during cell cycle transition is not clear." Funders for this research include NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI), The Welch Foundation, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas, Cancer Research Institute. Our news journalists obtained a quote from the research from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, "Here, we found direct biochemical evidence that cGAS activity was selectively suppressed during mitosis in human cell lines and uncovered two parallel mechanisms underlying this suppression. First, cGAS was hyperphosphorylated at the N terminus by mitotic kinases, including Aurora kinase B. The N terminus of cGAS was critical for sensing nuclear chromatin but not mitochondrial DNA. Chromatin sensing was blocked by hyperphosphorylation. Second, oligomerization of chromatin-bound cGAS, which is required for its activation, was prevented."