The Noradrenaline-Adrenaline-Axis of the flght-or-flight exhibits oxytocin and Serotonin Adaptive Responses

摘要

EDTA-treated particles obtained from cortex, striatum and hypothalamus were assayed in vitro for responsiveness to noradrenaline (NA). The locus coeruleus (LC) axons presynaptically discharge NA, free Mg~(2+) potentiate the responsiveness of adenylyl cyclase (AC). Neurons and astrocytes are integrated cell systems. Mg~(2+) is released from oxyHb during transition to deoxyHb with an incomplete hydrated shell Mg(H_2O)n~(2+) of greater manifest effective charge. The less-hydrated state of the Mg~(2+) ion could capture H_2O to decrease the hydration shells of Na~+ and K~+, matching the size of their corresponding gate at the electrogenic membrane. Fight-or-flight response mediated by NA-AC activation leads the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HTPA) axis to release of cortisol and adrenaline into blood, inhibiting insulin activity. Cortisol can exert a negative feedback because could cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but adrenaline could not. Physiologically, this "autistic" I unconscious brain level could demand a greater share of the tissue network resources promoting a self-supporting brain development.