A Novel Control System of Flexible Impact Positive Displacement Motor for Underground Directional Drilling in Coalmines

摘要

Underground directional drilling is an important technique to prevent and control water disasters in coalmines. However, the drilling efficiency is generally low in hard rocks, and the conventional hydraulic impactor is not applicable to underground directional drilling. To solve these problems, this paper designs a flexible impact positive displacement motor (PDM) control system, and specified the calculation methods for the relevant hydraulic parameters. Specifically, the hydraulic oscillator and conventional PDM were combined into a PDM with axial impact function. Then, the rolling-in method was introduced to determine the motion law of the disc valve, and compute the time variation of the flow area. The calculation methods were developed for the hydraulic parameters of flexible impact PDM, and adopted to compute the hydraulic parameters of Φ95mm PDM. During the calculation of the axial impact force, the fluctuating pressure difference was preset as per the pump capacity, and the multi-stage piston design was employed to produce a high axial impact force under a small pressure difference; the orifice parameters were calculated based on the fluctuating pressure difference; the impact frequency was derived from mud pump displacement, and the rotation speed and revolution-rotation speed ratio of the rotor. The results show that, when the displacement is 6.5L/s (the normal displacement underground the coalmines), the impact frequency is 12.5Hz, the fluctuating pressure difference is 1.54MPa, the impact force is 15.54kN, the inner diameter of the piston is 35mm, the outer diameter of the piston is 75mm, the offset distance of the disc valve is 4.5mm, and the orifice radius is 9.2m. The calculated results deviated from the prediction of backpropagation neural network (BPNN) by less than 5%, indicating that the structure of the proposed flexible impact PDM is feasible, and that the hydraulic parameters are calculated simply and accurately. To sum up, this research designs a PDM that can theoretically improve the rock-breaking efficiency in hard stratum, providing an important reference for similar research.