Structural geology of porphyry copper deposits from regional tectonic setting to vein- and permeability-formation

摘要

Porphyry Cu ± Mo ± Au deposits underpin much of the mining industry and global economy. The deposits form in the upper crust, as the result of crustal-scale hydrous intermediate-silicic magmatism, generally associated with convergent margin arcs. Structure and tectonics play key roles in both porphyry copper formation and preservation (Tosdal and Dilles in press). Several deposits and districts have been affected by post-ore strike-slip faulting that has offset orebodies laterally, and elsewhere by normal faulting that has offset orebodies and tilted crustal blocks to allow geologists to observe up to 6 km crustal sections in cross-section.