Salmosan, a beta-galactomannan-rich product, in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum contributes to restore intestinal epithelial barrier function by modulation of cytokine production

摘要

Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOSS) are mannose-rich substrates with several intestinal health-promoting properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential capacity of Salmosan (S-beta GM), a beta-galactomannan-rich MOS product, to restore epithelial barrier function independently from its capacity to reduce bacterial invasion. In addition, the combination of S-beta GM with the proven probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) was also tested. Paracellular permeability was assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in co-cultures of Caco-2 cells and macrophages (differentiated from THP-1 cells) stimulated with LPS of Salmonella Enteritidis and in Caco-2 cell cultures stimulated with TNF-alpha in the absence or presence of 500 mu/ml S-beta GM, LP (MOI 10) or a combination of both. In both culture models, TER was significantly reduced up to 25% by LPS or TNF-alpha stimulation, and the addition of S-beta GM or LP alone did not modify TER, whereas the combination of both restored TER to values of nonstimulated cells. Under LPS stimulation, TNF-alpha production was significantly increased by 10-fold, whereas IL-10 and IL-6 levels were not modified. The combination of S-beta GM and LP reduced TNF-alpha production to nonstimulated cell values and significantly increased IL-10 and IL-6 levels (5- and 7.5-fold, respectively). Moreover, S-beta GM has the capacity to induce an increase of fivefold in LP growth. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that S-beta GM in combination with LP protects epithelial barrier function by modulation of cytokine secretion, thus giving an additional value to this MOS as a potential symbiotic. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.