Development of Sericulture Farming in Marathwada Region and Economic Viability of Sericulture Farming

摘要

As per census 2011, 68.85 percent populations of India were living in rural area. Agriculture is main occupation of rural people. Most of the agricultural land is dependent on monsoons. Due to long dry spell within two rains fall in most of the years,there is an uncertainty of agricultural production. Whenever there is bumper production, the prices of agriculture commodity falls. In recent period the economical viability of agricultural is main problem. In 2017 farmers of many states of India announced strike. If farmers receive continuous and certain income from agriculture, they will stay with farming in future.There is need if thinking on various sources which gives certain income to farmers. To generate continues income, farmers have started dairy farming, poultry farming, goat and sheep farming. Up to the harvesting of Kharif crops, there is need of some certain income source in die farmers hand to fulfill their daily needs. In this back ground various farmers in Marathwada region started Sericulture farming where they producing Cocoons.In Maharashtra state there are 9783 farmers has planted Mulberry plants for Cocoon production up to 2018. From these, 48 percent farmers are from Marathwada region. In Maharashtra State mulberry plant has been planted on 10663.58 acre area up to 2017-18for Cocoon production. From these area 47 percent area is only in Marathwada region. In 2017-2018 Sericulture farmers of Maharashtra State has produced 16, 36,445 k. g. Cocoon. In this production share Marathwada region is 59 percent. It means that the share of Marathwada region in total development of Sericulture farming in Maharashtra State is near about 50 percent.In this back ground, the present study focus on the development of Sericulture Farming in various districts of Marathwada and profitability of sericulture farming. The present study is depended on primary and secondary data. The primary data has collected through the schedules canvassed among 20 Sericulturefarmers of Dongargaon (Kawada) village of Aurangabad districts of Marathwada region. In this village Sericulture farming started by 5 farmers in 2006; in 2018 there are 80 farmers are doing Sericulture farming. Now this village is famous for Sericulture farming in the Aurangabad district. Secondary data has collected through published reports of Maharashtra, Central Silk Board.Up to 2018, 4723 farmers of 1009 villages of Marathwada region have planted Mulberry plants for Cocoon production in Sericulture farming. Area curved under Sericulture farming in Marathwada region is 5030 acre up to 2018. Beed, Osmanbad, Jalna and Aurangabad districts are leading Districts in Marathwada region for the land curved under Mulberry plants.It is fiend out in the sample survey carried out by researcher that near about 90 percent of the Sericulture farmers getting benefit. It is fiend out in the field survey is that 35 percent farmers has construct new house or room of house or construct shelter for their animal after adoption of sericulture farming. In the field survey, 55 percent sericulture farmers have done long term development in theirfield. In the field survey area 25 percent farmers purchased durable goods after adoption of sericulture farming. In the field survey 50 percent sericulture farmers Children are going to private school by paying education fees, 45 percent farmers children are taking higher education.